History. Knowing it is a vital part of preparedness to reach sustainability. Issaquena County, Mississippi.

 BEFORE YOU KNOW WHERE YOU’RE GOING, YOU HAVE TO KNOW WHERE YOU'VE BEEN

---Kevin Sugar-Daddy Woodley

There are over 3,500 Counties in the U.S. States and its’ Territories.

In the Southern States of the U.S. mass migrations took place from the 1870’s to 2000’s due to inequity, just as mass migrations are taking place in 2024 due to the impacts of climate change.

“…third-poorest county in the United States…”       Issaquena County, Mississippi

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issaquena_County,_Mississippi “..In 1860,[10] 92.5% of Issaquena County's total population were enslaved people, the highest concentration anywhere in the United States.[11] The U.S. Census for that year showed that 7,244 slaves were held in Issaquena County, and of 115 slave owners, 39 held 77 or more slaves.[12] Stephen Duncan of Issaquena County held 858 slaves, second only to Joshua John Ward of South Carolina.[13] This large "value of slave property" made Issaquena County the second richest county in the United States, with "mean total wealth per freeman" at $26,800 in 1860 (equivalent to $741,000 in 2023).[14] By 1880—just 15 years after the abolition of slavery—the county had developed "a strong year-round market for wage labor", and Issaquena was the only county in Mississippi to report "no sharecropping or sharerenting whatsoever".[14] “  Notable people Unita Blackwell, civil rights leader and mayor of Mayersville from 1976 to 2001; first female African-American mayor in Mississippi Charles C. Diggs, Sr., first African-American Democrat elected to the Michigan Senate; born in Tallula[32] William Stamps Farish II, president of Standard Oil; born in Mayersville[33] Muddy Waters, blues musician (1913–1983); born in "Jug's Corner"[34] Eliza Winston, notable enslaved person Read more at:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issaquena_County,_Mississippi

Nearly two decades after Hurricane Katrina swept through the Gulf Coast, what policies have changed? August 2024

 

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NCDP Training Newsletter Volume III | Issue 42 | August 2024

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AP Photo: David J. Phillip

 

Nearly two decades after Hurricane Katrina swept through the Gulf Coast, what policies have changed? A look at some key legislation since Hurricane Katrina.

 

Almost nineteen years ago, Hurricane Katrina swept through the U.S. Gulf Coast, inflicting pain on the lives and land it touched. In its wake, people questioned what federal, state, and local governments could do to be more prepared for major storms. Katrina exposed key gaps in the U.S. emergency management system. In the United States, emergency management developed into a formal field after the 9/11 and the anthrax attacks, with a focus on managing security incidents and bioterrorism. However, the devastation wrought by Hurricane Katrina made it clear that the field needed to evolve to focus more on severe weather events, too.  Lawmakers and government agencies have made several adjustments since Hurricane Katrina, fundamentally reshaping the emergency management field. Read more about key policy developments since Hurricane Katrina made landfall on August 29, 2005, below:  Disaster Recovery Reform Act (2018) - This act introduced a number of reforms, with particular focuses on pre-disaster planning and mitigation.  Sandy Recovery Improvement Act (2013) - This act changed many of FEMA’s administrative authorities, representing one of the most significant updates since the Stafford Act of 1988.  Post-Katrina Emergency Management Reform Act (2006) - This act established FEMA as a separate agency within the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and created 10 regional FEMA offices, each with a regional administrator. This act provided more flexibility to FEMA for managing response efforts.  Pets Evacuation and Transportation Standards Act (2006) - This was an amendment to the Stafford Act of 1988, which authorizes FEMA to provide rescue, care, shelter, and essential needs to household pets and animals following a major disaster or emergency. Although the level of destruction brought on by Hurricane Katrina is almost unfathomable, emergency managers must be prepared for even more extreme storms in upcoming years. It is also imperative to better understand how climate change will influence current and predicted future extreme weather events. The National Center for Disaster Preparedness offers free web-based courses and instructor-led trainings to help communities better understand the issues, prepare, and bounce back from catastrophic climatological events.